The Menstrual Cycle Decoded: What Happens and How to Work With It

The Menstrual Cycle Decoded: What Happens and How to Work With It

Have you ever wondered why your mood and energy levels fluctuate every few weeks? One moment you’re brimming with enthusiasm, ready to conquer new challenges — and the next, you feel drained and in need of rest.

This rhythmic shift is no coincidence. For many menstruators, it’s guided by the body’s natural 28‑day hormonal cycle, where estrogen and progesterone influence how we think, feel, and perform.

It’s not you, it’s normal

The menstrual cycle is your body’s monthly “dress rehearsal” for pregnancy and, from another angle, a built-in productivity and wellness compass — not a hurdle. By tracking patterns and syncing workouts, nutrition, and big tasks with each phase, you can turn “off days” into intentional rest — and ride high-energy windows for growth.

The payoff: steadier mood, less guilt, and a calendar that finally feels like it fits you, instead of the other way around. But before we dive into recommendations, let’s understand what’s really happening under the surface — and how that manifests in your body.

Menstrual Phase (Day 1-5)

This is when your period begins — your body sheds the uterine lining it had built up. Estrogen and progesterone levels are at their lowest, which can lead to:

  • Fatigue
  • Cramping
  • Feeling emotionally low

This is your body’s reset phase, and those "meh" feelings are totally normal.

Proliferative Phase (Day 6-14)

Next comes the proliferative (or follicular) phase. Estrogen starts rising again, telling your uterus to rebuild its lining. This phase is all about fresh starts — you’ll likely feel:

  • More energetic
  • More focused
  • A boost in confidence

Your body is also preparing to release an egg, so you might notice clear, stretchy cervical mucus — a natural sign that ovulation is near

Secretory Phase (Day 15-28)

The secretory or luteal phase kicks off right after ovulation. Progesterone rises to prepare your uterus in case of pregnancy. If no fertilization occurs, hormone levels drop again, triggering PMS symptoms like:

  • Bloating
  • Cravings
  • Mood swings
  • Low energy

With that said, how should we work around this and listen to what our body needs?

Menstrual phase (Days 1–5)

When bleeding begins, hormone levels bottom out and your body focuses on renewal. Treat these days like a scheduled reset: swap high-intensity workouts for gentle walks, restorative yoga, or a cozy stretch session.

Warmth is your friend — think heat pads, Epsom-salt baths, and magnesium-rich snacks like pumpkin seeds or dark chocolate to ease cramps and soothe muscles.

It’s also a great window for quiet reflection — journal, review goals, or simply rest without guilt.

👉 Try: Relief Feel Nothing Bikini for breathable, PFAS-free protection you can trust.

Proliferative / Follicular phase (Days 6–14)

As estrogen rises, so do energy, clarity, and confidence. This is a great time to tackle brain-heavy projects, connect with people, or dive into a new skill or habit.

Physically, your body recovers faster — so this is the moment to lean into:

  • Strength training
  • HIIT workouts
  • Longer cardio sessions

Support this momentum with plenty of protein and colorful, nutrient-rich foods like:

  • Fish
  • Legumes
  • Berries
  • Leafy greens

All great for cell regeneration and hormonal balance.

Ovulation peak (~Day 14)

Estrogen peaks and an egg is released, often leaving you feeling magnetic and socially bold. This is a great time to lean into verbal fluency and confidence — ideal for:

  • Presentations
  • Pitches
  • First dates or bold convos

Movement should feel fun and expressive — try:

  • Dance classes
  • Team sports
  • Spontaneous hikes

And don’t forget to drink more water — your core temperature naturally rises, which increases your risk of dehydration.

Secretory / Luteal phase (Days 15–28)

Progesterone now takes center stage to cushion the uterine lining. In the final week, both hormones drop — triggering classic PMS symptoms for many.

You might feel:

  • Withdrawn
  • Bloated
  • Moody
  • Emotionally sensitive

Ease into this slower pace with moderate movement like Pilates, brisk walks, or steady-state cycling.

Support your mood with:

  • Complex carbs (sweet potatoes, oats, whole grains)
  • B-vitamins (chickpeas, dark leafy greens) — all helpful for serotonin support

Evening rituals like:

  • Lavender tea
  • Breath work
  • Earlier bedtimes

can soften PMS turbulence and help you wind down.

And don't underestimate the power of comfort — try our Relief Flo-GEtter Period Underwear for cloudlike softness and leak-proof protection.

👉 Related: How Chemicals in Disposables Might Be Aggravating Your Period Cramps

Bonus tip: The early-luteal mindset tends to be more detail-oriented — a great time to finish tasks, tidy your space, or plan ahead for the next cycle.

What you should take away from this

Your menstrual-hormone rhythm isn’t a monthly obstacle course — it’s a built-in roadmap. When you recognize how estrogen and progesterone steer energy, mood, and focus, you can start planning your:

  • Workouts
  • Meals
  • Projects

…with your body — not against it.

The result?
More consistent productivity. Gentler self-talk. And a lifestyle that respects your natural rhythm.

Some food for thoughts 

Try jotting down a one-sentence note each day about your mood, energy, cravings.

for the next two cycles. Then compare it with the phase guide above.

Small, cycle-aligned tweaks — like swapping a sprint for yoga, or scheduling a brainstorm during your follicular high — can lead to smoother months and a stronger partnership with your body.

Your cycle has always been setting the tempo. Now you have the sheet music to play along.

👉 Also read: The Menstrual Stem Cell Breakthrough: How Period Blood May Help Treat Alzheimer’s


References

[1] The Normal Menstrual Cycle and the Control of Ovulation

[2] Heat therapy for primary dysmenorrhea

[3] The Effects of Menstrual Cycle Phase on Exercise Performance in Eumenorrheic Women

[4] Dietary B vitamin intake and incident premenstrual syndrome

[5] Temperature regulation in women: Effects of the menstrual cycle

Melina Janet Mauro

About Melina Janet Mauro

Registered Dietitian

Melina is passionate to share her knowledge in the field of health and nutrition through realistic and fun recommendations. She joins Relief to raise awareness of women’s health and the importance of disease prevention. Melina’s mission is to provide knowledge that empowers readers to make informed, body-positive choices.

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